2026-07-20T18:39:42Z https://pubs.lib.uiowa.edu/iowa-historical-review/api/oai/

oai:iowa-historical-review:id:33941 2026-05-03T19:00:00Z

Growing Pains: Keeping the Grange Out of Partisan Politics in The Face of The 1873 Iowa General Election And Its Consequences On Agrarian Third Party Movements in Iowa Growing Pains: Keeping the Grange Out of Partisan Politics in The Face of The 1873 Iowa General Election And Its Consequences On Agrarian Third Party Movements in Iowa Gillund, Colin This paper examines how actions takenby Grange leaders to stay as a strong and neutral interest group in theelection of 1873 created a path for Republicans to stay in power, despite thefarmers’ political revolt. By 1873 Farmers in Iowa were suffering under highcosts of transportation and low returns on crops. Cash strapped farmers floodedthe Grange and grew its membership to a substantial and powerful size. Leaderswithin the Grange wielded its size as a tool for reform at the state level. Yetthe sheer size of the movement in Iowa threatened to cause its downfall as theelection of 1873 and partisanship threatened to divide the Grange. Grangeleaders, seeing the division on the horizon, moved to maintain the order as aneutral interest group and discouraged the Grange's direct involvement inpartisanship. By analyzing Governor Carpenter's correspondence, publishedletters to the Iowa Homestead, newspapers, secretary books of the Grange, andsecondary sources, this paper shows that the neutrality Grange leaders took tomaintain undercut a more radical anti-establishment element of the farmerrevolt and helped Republicans survive the election.  2026-05-03T19:00:00Z info:eu-repo/semantics/article 12 1 University of Iowa History Department Iowa Historical Review 10.17077/2373-1842.33941 https://doi.org/10.17077/2373-1842.33941 https://pubs.lib.uiowa.edu/iowa-historical-review/article/id/33941/ 2373-1842 http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ 1

oai:iowa-historical-review:id:33944 2026-05-03T18:00:00Z

Villains in the Trade: Piracy in the British Middle Passage Villains in the Trade: Piracy in the British Middle Passage Paulsen, Zachary Why did pirates attack ships on the Middle Passage carrying enslaved people when pirates did not have the infrastructure, market, or use for their labor? This thesis argues that the most likely fate of enslaved people who encountered pirates on the Middle Passage was voluntary or coerced recruitment, sold to a trader on the African Coast, or subjected to brutality as a method of spreading terror among merchants. In the Post-Spanish Succession Period of the Golden Age of Piracy (c. 1715-1726), pirates frequently attacked European ships bound for Africa carrying goods to trade for enslaved people or from the Americas back to Europe with their profits. However, pirates also, on occasion, attacked ships carrying enslaved people on the Middle Passage (Africa to the Americas). What is strange about this is that pirates had little use for enslaved people as the pirates did not have a safe Caribbean market, nor the infrastructure to transport enslaved people. To decipher the reasoning behind pirate attacks against ships sailing the Middle Passage, this thesis examines published and archival sources to explore the possible fates of enslaved people on the ships attacked by pirates. It also uses secondary sources such as articles and books to provide supporting evidence regarding common pirate behavior, beliefs, and social structures to explain the pirates’ recruitment, sale, and brutalization of enslaved people, illustrating how class and race often overlapped in the Atlantic World and outlining limitations in the current theory that pirates have a revolutionary consciousness. 2026-05-03T18:00:00Z info:eu-repo/semantics/article 12 1 University of Iowa History Department Iowa Historical Review 10.17077/2373-1842.33944 https://doi.org/10.17077/2373-1842.33944 https://pubs.lib.uiowa.edu/iowa-historical-review/article/id/33944/ 2373-1842 http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ 1

oai:iowa-historical-review:id:33773 2026-05-03T12:00:00Z

Religion, Rhetoric, and Restriction: Women in Early Modern British Sermons Religion, Rhetoric, and Restriction: Women in Early Modern British Sermons Stringer, Leah This paper utilizes sermons penned by English and Scottish clergymen between approximately 1577 and 1697 to demonstrate how the religious rhetoric of the time sought to diminish women's identities and experiences in the household and beyond. Common themes in the included sermons are sins such as vanity, pride, and lust often being attributed to women alone, and the sin of adultery often being feminized. There is a heavy emphasis on marriage and women's duty of subservience and obedience to their husbands found throughout the sources as well, which is explored extensively. The language of the sermons is then compared with sources describing the lives and actions of women who defied these expectations– such as Queen Elizabeth I and the women of the Leveller movement– to emphasize how women found ways to rebel against religious oppression, even when it was omnipresent and relentless in nature. 2026-05-03T12:00:00Z info:eu-repo/semantics/article 12 1 University of Iowa History Department Iowa Historical Review 10.17077/2373-1842.33773 https://doi.org/10.17077/2373-1842.33773 https://pubs.lib.uiowa.edu/iowa-historical-review/article/id/33773/ 2373-1842 http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ 1

oai:iowa-historical-review:id:33769 2024-11-04T11:00:00Z

Agency in Removal: How the Iowa Tribe Navigated War and Colonization Between 1812 and 1824 Agency in Removal: How the Iowa Tribe Navigated War and Colonization Between 1812 and 1824 LaPage, Cameron John This thesis examines how the Iowa Tribe preservedits survival from 1812 to 1824. Rather than being victims of tribal warfare, asearly histories portrayed, it argues that Ioway leaders actively negotiatedwith rival tribes and colonial powers in the decade leading up to their firstremoval. Prior to the nineteenth century, the Iowa Tribe lived in most of themodern-day State of Iowa and Northern Missouri. The War of 1812 divided theIoway between allegiances to the United States and Great Britain but emergedunited under the leadership of Chief Hard Heart. The following decade sawincreased pressure from American settlement, and relations between the Iowayand Sauk and Meskwaki tribes deteriorated to the point where the Iowa Tribeleft behind their old villages on the Des Moines and Mississippi Rivers toreside with the Otoe in Northern Missouri. In 1824, in wake of Missouriachieving statehood, Ioway chiefs White Cloud and Great Walker signed awaytheir lands in Northern Missouri, beginning a long period of removal andattempts by the United States to assimilate the Iowa Tribe. Although they losttheir lands as a result of this agreement, the Iowa leaders’ pragmatismultimately preserved the tribe. 2024-11-04T11:00:00Z info:eu-repo/semantics/article 11 1 University of Iowa History Department Iowa Historical Review 10.17077/2373-1842.33769 https://doi.org/10.17077/2373-1842.33769 https://pubs.lib.uiowa.edu/iowa-historical-review/article/id/33769/ 2373-1842 http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ 1

oai:iowa-historical-review:id:33760 2024-11-04T11:00:00Z

An Expansion Of Liberty An Expansion Of Liberty Scott, Gavin This primary source analysis examines the relationship between church and state in early American society from the point of view of the anonymous pamphlet, The Freeman’s Remonstrance Against an Ecclesiastical Establishment, being some remarks On a Late Pamphlet, Entitled The Necessity OfAn Established Church In Any State; By A Freeman Of Virginia. written in 1777. The Freeman uses many ideas from the American Revolution such as American unity, the expansion of liberty, and expansion ofequality to argue for disestablishment. This topic is important because of the ever-evolving debate over church and state in the United States.   2024-11-04T11:00:00Z info:eu-repo/semantics/article 11 1 University of Iowa History Department Iowa Historical Review 10.17077/2373-1842.33760 https://doi.org/10.17077/2373-1842.33760 https://pubs.lib.uiowa.edu/iowa-historical-review/article/id/33760/ 2373-1842 http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/ 1

oai:iowa-historical-review:id:33757 2024-11-04T11:00:00Z

Brothers and Sisters Unite: Take Back the Night in San Francisco, Cambridge, and Iowa City Brothers and Sisters Unite: Take Back the Night in San Francisco, Cambridge, and Iowa City Behrens, Anna Marie Using archival documents from the GLBT Historical Society, Schlesinger Library, and Iowa Women’s Archives, this research argues that Take Back the Night marches during the late 1970s and early 1980s in San Francisco, Cambridge, and Iowa City followed similar patterns: they were motivated by local events, constructed meaning for attendees through similar structural elements, and struggled with the dilution of their messages and goals because of conflict. Existing research does not create concrete understandings of Take Back the Night based on comparisons or research on more than one event and geographic location, instead focusing on the broader feminist anti-violence movement, including potential causes of Take Back the Night, such as developing understandings of rape, increasing awareness of rape, and increasing opposition to violent pornography and media. This research explores how feminist anti-violence motivations manifested in Take Back the Night events in San Francisco, Cambridge, and Iowa City, highlighting these communities’ awareness of local statistics/frequency of attacks, knowledge of publicized trials and crimes (often serial), and organizers’ thoughts on pornography and media. Take Back the Night’s meaning is considered through examination of common elements of testimony and physical reclaiming of space, and how these elements created meaning for attendees. This research also argues that the message and goal of Take Back the Night were diluted by conflicts among organizers and with their surrounding communities, including disagreements about the role of pornography, the exclusion of women of color, and the exclusion of men.  2024-11-04T11:00:00Z info:eu-repo/semantics/article 11 1 University of Iowa History Department Iowa Historical Review 10.17077/2373-1842.33757 https://doi.org/10.17077/2373-1842.33757 https://pubs.lib.uiowa.edu/iowa-historical-review/article/id/33757/ 2373-1842 http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ 1

oai:iowa-historical-review:id:33766 2024-11-04T11:00:00Z

Grimalkin Grimalkin DeCoste, Madeline This is a work of fiction examining the impact of witch-fears on the lived realities of women in mid-seventeenth-century Germany. It is largely based on the seminal work on demonological witchcraft, Heinrich Kramer's Malleus Maleficarum (1486), which reflected the principle fears and beliefs surrounding witchcraft, and which dominated much of the next few centuries' discussion on it. Demonological beliefs, the most common school of thought on witchcraft in early modern Germany, were deeply (and often sexually) misogynistic, as well as blood–writers imagined witches to be infanticidal, cannibalistic, and insatiable. Previous research has stressed that women were disproportionally both accused and accusers during German witch panics; this project attempts to imagine the experience of the former and the motivations of the latter. It also argues that (while the modern reader knows witches did not and do not exist), due to the widespread belief in witchcraft, the frequency of the trials, and the extent to which it motivated women's and men's actions, the fear of witches constituted the reality of witches.  2024-11-04T11:00:00Z info:eu-repo/semantics/article 11 1 University of Iowa History Department Iowa Historical Review 10.17077/2373-1842.33766 https://doi.org/10.17077/2373-1842.33766 https://pubs.lib.uiowa.edu/iowa-historical-review/article/id/33766/ 2373-1842 http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ 1

oai:iowa-historical-review:id:33771 2024-11-04T11:00:00Z

Hysterical Women: The Fight for an Expanded British Franchise at the Turn of the 20th Century Hysterical Women: The Fight for an Expanded British Franchise at the Turn of the 20th Century Barnes, Leighton This project argues that in the United Kingdom at the turn of the 20th century, social and medical claims of female hysteria worked as a way of confining women to the domestic sphere. To explore the social implications of feminine hysteria in this region, the medical legitimacy of these claims is analyzed through looking at the texts of various surgeon generals of the late 19th and early 20th centuries while placing them in conjunction with the rapidly changing world. This world was filled with suppressors who worked toward maintaining established social norms. The group analyzed in this project, women, were most prominently suppressed through the negative rhetorical use of medical terms such as female hysteria in pursuit of maintaining the status quo of the early 1800s. This umbrella term was historically used to describe any and all afflictions of women but morphed into ammunition for medical professionals and the general public alike to contain unruly women. This project contextualizes women’s health issues encapsulated by this umbrella term (hysteria) and others with the prevailing thoughts on women’s suffrage of the time to argue the above claim. 2024-11-04T11:00:00Z info:eu-repo/semantics/article 11 1 University of Iowa History Department Iowa Historical Review 10.17077/2373-1842.33771 https://doi.org/10.17077/2373-1842.33771 https://pubs.lib.uiowa.edu/iowa-historical-review/article/id/33771/ 2373-1842 http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/ 1

oai:iowa-historical-review:id:33759 2024-11-04T11:00:00Z

La República de Los Indios:  Tlaxcala, Survival, and the Struggle for Autonomy within New Spain,  1519-1558. La República de Los Indios:  Tlaxcala, Survival, and the Struggle for Autonomy within New Spain,  1519-1558. Ocon, Daniel This thesis examines the strategies Tlaxcalan leaders employed to maintain their autonomy directly with the Spanish colonizers and administrative officials in their province in the 16th century. Previous scholarship has portrayed the Tlaxcalans as insignificant collaborators or willful allies of Spanish colonizers. This thesis, by contrast, shows that they maintained their autonomy through their strategic appeals to various colonial authorities, integration of Catholicism into native culture, and the use of both prestige and alliance to emphasize the importance of the province. This thesis uses contemporary annals, government records, literature, artwork, and letters created by the Tlaxcalans, and Spaniards, to analyze the methods and reasonings behind their adaptations. 2024-11-04T11:00:00Z info:eu-repo/semantics/article 11 1 University of Iowa History Department Iowa Historical Review 10.17077/2373-1842.33759 https://doi.org/10.17077/2373-1842.33759 https://pubs.lib.uiowa.edu/iowa-historical-review/article/id/33759/ 2373-1842 http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ 1

oai:iowa-historical-review:id:33731 2024-11-04T11:00:00Z

Lost in Translation; The Evolution of Spanish Translations and the Black Legend in England from 1578 to 1740 Lost in Translation; The Evolution of Spanish Translations and the Black Legend in England from 1578 to 1740 Caster, Emma C This paper traces the evolution of the Black Legend using Spanish accounts of the colonization of the Americas published in English from 1578 to 1740. The Black Legend, largely spread by English, Dutch, and German Protestants, was an anti-Catholic and anti-Spanish narrative demonizing the Spanish colonization of the Americas. Relying in particular on the English appropriation of Spanish Friar Bartolomé de las Casas’s Short Account of the Destruction of the Indies, originally published in Spanish in 1552, the thesis argues that English editions of the text reflect England's political and religious turmoil in the 16th and 18th centuries. Previous work on the Black Legend centered on how the authors of New World accounts intended to have their work received in Europe. By studying printed paratexts, including dedicatory letters to patrons, letters to the readers, and the translations themselves, I show how English publishers and translators, and the statesmen who sponsored these publications sought to use Bartolomé de Las Casas's accounts as political. The conquest of the New World brought enormous wealth and power to Spain. At the same time, throughout this period, England suffered religious and political conflicts that boiled over into civil war in the mid-17th century. Many in England feared being overrun by a Catholic Empire or overthrown by Catholics from within. Facing various religious and political crises at home English leaders and booksellers used translations of Las Casas's work to advance their own hopes of British imperial expansion in the New World and to encourage the English to unite in the face of the Spanish threats, such as the Netherlands Civil War and Spanish Armada. 2024-11-04T11:00:00Z info:eu-repo/semantics/article 11 1 University of Iowa History Department Iowa Historical Review 10.17077/2373-1842.33731 https://doi.org/10.17077/2373-1842.33731 https://pubs.lib.uiowa.edu/iowa-historical-review/article/id/33731/ 2373-1842 http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ 1

oai:iowa-historical-review:id:33765 2024-11-04T11:00:00Z

Playing With the Past: Building an Aztec Paper Warrior Doll Playing With the Past: Building an Aztec Paper Warrior Doll Barnett, Berkley Wren Ritual, war, and tribute were three of the most important aspects of Aztec culture before they were conquered by the Spaniards in 1521. In this paper, I explore the significance behind tributary objects found in the Codex Mendoza by creating a paper Aztec warrior doll. The Codex Mendoza was a collection of 71 folios curated by the Spanish in 1542 that showcased Nahua culture and the Aztec tributary system. Using both the Codex Mendoza and a larger collection of Nahua history in the Florentine Codex, I contextualized my project in the rituals and history of Aztec culture pre-conquest. For my project, I created a fearsome animal helmet to showcase the fear factor used in ritual warrior costumes, emphasizing a feeling of movement seen in Nahua art by using a European volvelle to articulate the helmet's jaw. I further incorporated elements of indigenous “covering” found in illustrations of the Florentine Codex when considering the material of both the helmet and the cotton armor I recreated from the tributary items, using crumpled tissue paper to reflect the “chewed-up” style of paper covering idols of the warrior deity Huitzilopochtli. Referencing Aztec rituals was something I kept in mind throughout my project as I researched the significance of religious war objects like the temiotl (“god” or “sacred forelock”) and ihuiteteyo (design for war shield) on the dominant symbol of the shield. By analyzing Nahua rituals as seen in the Florentine Codex, I was able to explore the significance behind tributary warrior items in the Codex Mendoza and illuminate just how important materiality and ritual were to Aztec warriors.  2024-11-04T11:00:00Z info:eu-repo/semantics/article 11 1 University of Iowa History Department Iowa Historical Review 10.17077/2373-1842.33765 https://doi.org/10.17077/2373-1842.33765 https://pubs.lib.uiowa.edu/iowa-historical-review/article/id/33765/ 2373-1842 http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/ 1

oai:iowa-historical-review:id:33768 2024-11-04T11:00:00Z

Spinnen Out: Women's Work in Early Modern Textile Trades Spinnen Out: Women's Work in Early Modern Textile Trades Curry, Joy The production of cloth was a vital aspect of the early modern economy. Women were involved in almost all stages of the process, both in unofficial capacities and sometimes as officially recognized or tolerated artisans. However, associations between women and unskilled labor and guild fear of economic competition led to both legal restrictions and social stigma around women’s involvement in artisan textile work. This pushed more women into low-paying piecework, especially spinning. Spinning was the form of textile work women were most encouraged to do, or least restricted from. As one of the most common types of womens’ labor, it carried both positive connotations of diligence and the social stigmas that followed women as workers, such as anxieties around poverty, sexual immorality, and threats to the stability of male guilds. This essay investigates social attitudes towards women’s textile work, followed by a creative component which examines the spinning process directly. 2024-11-04T11:00:00Z info:eu-repo/semantics/article 11 1 University of Iowa History Department Iowa Historical Review 10.17077/2373-1842.33768 https://doi.org/10.17077/2373-1842.33768 https://pubs.lib.uiowa.edu/iowa-historical-review/article/id/33768/ 2373-1842 http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ 1

oai:iowa-historical-review:id:33743 2024-11-04T11:00:00Z

The Rise of the Chocolate Chip Cookie: Kitchens, Cookbooks, and Modernity in the Early Twentieth Century The Rise of the Chocolate Chip Cookie: Kitchens, Cookbooks, and Modernity in the Early Twentieth Century Walter, Kaitlyn This thesis explores the rise in popularity of the chocolate chip cookie in the 1930s. It argues this popularity was dually rooted in challenges created by technological innovations of the oven and in the publication of new technical cookbooks written to address those difficulties. In the nineteenth century, kitchen appliances relied upon a present cook to monitor the approximate heat of the oven and progress of a bake using a vague recipe. However, in the twentieth century, ovens came with thermostats and timers, and as a result, recipes grew more exact to match. Unfortunately, home cooks had difficulty updating older recipes to this level of specificity, and they needed to learn new modes of baking. To solve this problem, motherly figures such as Ruth Wakefield published cookbooks that aided struggling home cooks. The popularity of this cookie offers a unique look at how the American cooks dealt with the rapid onset of modernity in the 1920s and 1930s by falling back on a dependable motherly figure offering traditional concepts of baking while embracing new ideas and ingredients. This thesis evidences cookbooks and newspapers to demonstrate these changes within the kitchen itself and elaborate on the pressures faced by home cooks.  2024-11-04T11:00:00Z info:eu-repo/semantics/article 11 1 University of Iowa History Department Iowa Historical Review 10.17077/2373-1842.33743 https://doi.org/10.17077/2373-1842.33743 https://pubs.lib.uiowa.edu/iowa-historical-review/article/id/33743/ 2373-1842 http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ 1

oai:iowa-historical-review:id:33869 2024-11-04T11:00:00Z

"We Don't Need Any More Martyrs": Anti-War Protests at the University of Iowa 1970 "We Don't Need Any More Martyrs": Anti-War Protests at the University of Iowa 1970 Kapsner, Jack This thesis argues that the May 1970 anti-Vietnam War protests at the University of Iowa were nonviolent compared to similar demonstrations at other colleges. This was due to the actions of University President Willard “Sandy” Boyd, who was able to strike a delicate balance between maintaining civil order and protecting the right to protest. Students protested the joint U.S.-South Vietnamese invasion of Cambodia and the killings of students at Kent State University during a time of intense political upheaval. American politicians and citizens debated how to handle the war in Vietnam best and what course of action to take when coping with anti-war demonstrations. This thesis examines the protests at the University of Iowa to understand better the local political dynamics and how local leaders coped with a dynamic political environment. This thesis uses sources from the University of Iowa archives, the Iowa State Historical Society, and the Daily Iowan archives. While many college and government officials chose to adopt repressive stances towards the protests that occurred nationally, the Iowa protests were de-escalated without any deaths. This resolution gives current elected officials a model of how to maintain civil order without violating the rights of American citizens. 2024-11-04T11:00:00Z info:eu-repo/semantics/article 11 1 University of Iowa History Department Iowa Historical Review 10.17077/2373-1842.33869 https://doi.org/10.17077/2373-1842.33869 https://pubs.lib.uiowa.edu/iowa-historical-review/article/id/33869/ 2373-1842 http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ 1

oai:iowa-historical-review:id:31880 2024-02-21T15:00:00Z

Alabama Black Belt Politics: Promise and Peril, 1890-1935 Alabama Black Belt Politics: Promise and Peril, 1890-1935 Hill, Talia This thesis examines African Americans in Alabama’s Black Belt—the majority constituent in the region—and their centrality in Republican and Communist Party voter campaigns. The Black Belt, originally named for the geological conditions of the soil, was home to a large enslaved population in the nineteenth century. As African Americans became the largest settled community across the belt’s counties, they were seen as useful constituents, first by Alabama politicians in the early twentieth century, and then, by the Communist Party in the 1930s. Both hoped to mobilize African American voters to bolster support for their own parties. These instances reflect a consistent trend of disregarding Black Belt residents as independent political actors. This thesis shows that despite earlier failures by the Republican Party to politically incorporate African Americans, the Communist Party would later create a mutually beneficial relationship. African Americans worked within the party to advocate for their own needs. This self-advocacy by African Americans is often overlooked in regional histories of the area.  2024-02-21T15:00:00Z info:eu-repo/semantics/article 10 1 University of Iowa History Department Iowa Historical Review 10.17077/2373-1842.31880 https://doi.org/10.17077/2373-1842.31880 https://pubs.lib.uiowa.edu/iowa-historical-review/article/id/31880/ 2373-1842 http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ 1

oai:iowa-historical-review:id:31878 2024-02-21T15:00:00Z

Assimilation and Acculturation: A Comparison of the Evangelical Strategies of Russian Orthodox and Presbyterian missionaries in Alaska. Assimilation and Acculturation: A Comparison of the Evangelical Strategies of Russian Orthodox and Presbyterian missionaries in Alaska. Hettrick, Daniel J Beginning in 1877, Presbyterian missionaries led by Sheldon Jackson contended with an already established Russian Orthodox mission in Tlingit Southeastern Alaska. Both groups sought to convert the Tlingit to their respective denominations, however, they employed strikingly different strategies informed by their experiences in the American Southwest and Great Plains, and in Siberia respectively. By contrasting the Presbyterian and Russian Orthodox strategies, we see that Presbyterians valued Native assimilation more than the Russian Orthodox missionaries did. Ultimately, the Russian Orthodox missionaries' willingness to accommodate Native Alaskan cultural practices led many Native Alaskans to convert to Russian Orthodoxy and remain Orthodox despite institutional pressure by the American colonial government and Presbyterian missionaries to become Presbyterian and adopt American cultural practices. This conclusion is based on contrasting Presbyterian missionary documents with Orthodox missionary documents—including instructions by missionary leaders, reports on missionary ventures, personal journals, and correspondences. Though the subject of Presbyterian and Russian Orthodox missions has been covered extensively by scholars such as Sergei Kan, such examinations have largely been anthropological in nature and emphasized the perspectives of Native Alaskans to push back against settler-centric narratives in historical and anthropological study. The intention of this paper is not to push back against the advancements made by Kan in this field, rather, it seeks to build off the work of Kan and revisit the perspectives of the missionaries while considering Kan’s scholarship. 2024-02-21T15:00:00Z info:eu-repo/semantics/article 10 1 University of Iowa History Department Iowa Historical Review 10.17077/2373-1842.31878 https://doi.org/10.17077/2373-1842.31878 https://pubs.lib.uiowa.edu/iowa-historical-review/article/id/31878/ 2373-1842 http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/ 1

oai:iowa-historical-review:id:31872 2024-02-21T15:00:00Z

Forever Conquered: The Changing Role of Vikings in Modern and Contemporary Anglo-American Culture Forever Conquered: The Changing Role of Vikings in Modern and Contemporary Anglo-American Culture Kramer, Miles Ever since their disruption and subsequent invasion of the British Isles in the early Middle Ages, the Scandinavian raiders known as 'Vikings' have had a significant presence in English culture and its self-perceived past. Anglo-American popular culture has become the primary home of the subject in the centuries since, with the Vikings appearing as everything from lecherous, bloodthirsty pirates to proud Christian heroes in the media of the English West. A timeline of this evolution can be drawn between Victorian era England and modern-day America, with works such as Walter Scott's The Pirate, Richard Fleischer's formative The Vikings, John McTiernan's turn-of-the-century The 13th Warrior, and DreamWorks Animation's highly successful How to Train Your Dragon presenting compelling examples of the conceptual transformation that the Viking image has undergone. The popularity of Vikings in media and the form in which they have been used also reflects the way that literary and visual symbols have contributed to the spread and impact of major sociocultural and political movements throughout this period. As a result, the study of the Vikings' presence in Victorian and post-Victorian popular media is also the study of the Vikings' importance in the Anglo-American zeitgeist, enabling us to see the degree to which differing national climates have both shaped and platformed the Viking image across the last two hundred years. 2024-02-21T15:00:00Z info:eu-repo/semantics/article 10 1 University of Iowa History Department Iowa Historical Review 10.17077/2373-1842.31872 https://doi.org/10.17077/2373-1842.31872 https://pubs.lib.uiowa.edu/iowa-historical-review/article/id/31872/ 2373-1842 http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/ 1

oai:iowa-historical-review:id:33740 2024-02-21T15:00:00Z

IHR Front Mattter v.10, Winter 2023 IHR Front Mattter v.10, Winter 2023 Editors, Iowa Historical Review 2024-02-21T15:00:00Z info:eu-repo/semantics/article 10 1 University of Iowa History Department Iowa Historical Review 10.17077/2373-1842.33740 https://doi.org/10.17077/2373-1842.33740 https://pubs.lib.uiowa.edu/iowa-historical-review/article/id/33740/ 2373-1842 http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ 1

oai:iowa-historical-review:id:31873 2024-02-21T15:00:00Z

La Bayadère’s Nikiya vs. the Indian Hereditary Dancing Caste La Bayadère’s Nikiya vs. the Indian Hereditary Dancing Caste McKim, Ashley Marius Petipa’s 1877 La Bayadère, inspired by F. Taglioni’s Le Dieu et La Bayadère as well as the opera Les Bayadères, presents the story of Indian temple dancer Nikiya and her navigation of a love triangle, ending in murder and tragedy. The character of Nikiya was inspired by Indian Bharatanatyam dancers, also known as temple dancers or Devadasis. Europe's primary exposure to this classical dance form occurred in 1838, when a troupe of “Devadasis” visited Paris on a tour of Europe, leading to several choreographers' Western adaptations in ballet. France, in particular, 's fascination with Indian culture can be correlated with France's loss of Indian territory to Great Britain in the previous century. However, most of Europe indulged in the exotic Indian "other." But Western recreations of Indian culture all too often misconstrued reality with a fantasized Oriental world. How does Nikiya's character contrast from the authentic Bharatnatyam dancers that inspired her creation?Nikiya's costuming, choreography, casting, and pieces of her plotline stray from the Indian culture and temple dancers she derives from. I use archival footage of the Bolshoi Ballet's 2013 performance of La Bayadère as well as footage of Bharatanatyam dance from Tanjore Balasaraswati's form, which upholds the traditions of the dance style. In addition, I use historical recounts covering Marius Petipa, the Devadasi European tour of 1938, Bharatanatyam dance, colonialism in India, and Indian-influenced ballets. I review Marius Petipa's diary entries as a primary source in my research. Ultimately, I argue that the only way for Western audiences to appreciate Indian temple dance was through the creation of the Westernized Nikiya. 2024-02-21T15:00:00Z info:eu-repo/semantics/article 10 1 University of Iowa History Department Iowa Historical Review 10.17077/2373-1842.31873 https://doi.org/10.17077/2373-1842.31873 https://pubs.lib.uiowa.edu/iowa-historical-review/article/id/31873/ 2373-1842 http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ 1

oai:iowa-historical-review:id:31874 2024-02-21T15:00:00Z

“License to Do Evil in the Name of Good”: The Legacy of Anti-Electoral Violence and Organizational Success During the Wilmington Coup of 1898 “License to Do Evil in the Name of Good”: The Legacy of Anti-Electoral Violence and Organizational Success During the Wilmington Coup of 1898 Miller, Jesse Joseph This paper seeks to analyze the impact of local political actors on the development of the Wilmington coup of 1898, an event that stands out in American history due to the violent overthrow of a sitting city government. The event has been studied more in recent decades by Prather, Gilmore, and the state of North Carolina, and they tend to focus on the aspects of race and gender that pervaded the buildup to the coup against a government with African-American civic participation. I build on the existing scholarship to argue that, while white supremacy and gender hierarchy in the South were important to understand why the participants were convinced to engage in political violence more broadly, the influence that a group of dedicated conspiracists had on the events in Wilmington shows that it took the proper urging and coordination for the coup to unfold and succeed at all. Through comprehensive military planning and the nimble adaptation of rhetoric, Wilmington succeeded where other insurrections failed. I will also argue that the conditions and tactics that allowed Wilmington to succeed can be found in modern acts of political violence, such as the Capitol Insurrection.  2024-02-21T15:00:00Z info:eu-repo/semantics/article 10 1 University of Iowa History Department Iowa Historical Review 10.17077/2373-1842.31874 https://doi.org/10.17077/2373-1842.31874 https://pubs.lib.uiowa.edu/iowa-historical-review/article/id/31874/ 2373-1842 http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ 1

oai:iowa-historical-review:id:31879 2024-02-21T15:00:00Z

Redefining Revolution: Evaluating the Political and Social Changes of the American Revolutionary Period, 1765-1820 Redefining Revolution: Evaluating the Political and Social Changes of the American Revolutionary Period, 1765-1820 Halbach, Max Adding to the conversation of evaluating the extent to which the American Revolution altered the lives of people living in Britain's former Atlantic colonies in North America, this paper briefly explores how the American Revolution was a transformative event for Native Americans, Black people, and women. 2024-02-21T15:00:00Z info:eu-repo/semantics/article 10 1 University of Iowa History Department Iowa Historical Review 10.17077/2373-1842.31879 https://doi.org/10.17077/2373-1842.31879 https://pubs.lib.uiowa.edu/iowa-historical-review/article/id/31879/ 2373-1842 http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ 1

oai:iowa-historical-review:id:31856 2024-02-21T15:00:00Z

The Descent of Ireland’s ‘Fallen Women:’ The Relationship Between the Catholic Church, Irish Nationalism, and the Control of Women’s Reproduction through Mother and Baby Homes and Magdalen Laundries The Descent of Ireland’s ‘Fallen Women:’ The Relationship Between the Catholic Church, Irish Nationalism, and the Control of Women’s Reproduction through Mother and Baby Homes and Magdalen Laundries LaPierre, Madeleine In recent decades, Ireland has grappled with its relationship with the Catholic Church, which has long exerted social, political, and moral authority over the young nation. Scandals of physical, sexual, and psychological abuse at the hands of clergy have surfaced, distorting the Church's legacy in Ireland. Mother and baby homes and Magdalen laundries are just two of the many institutions operated by Church officials where individuals endured severe abuse at the hands of religious orders. Mother and baby homes and Magdalen Laundries serve as a yet another historical manifestation of authorities' control of women's reproductive behavior. These two institutions penalized illegitimate births by incarcerating thousands of young women – some pregnant, some not – throughout the 20th century in Ireland. This paper analyzes how the historical framework under which these systems developed, as well as the relationship between the Church's control of women's reproductive behavior and national identity in post-Independence Ireland.  2024-02-21T15:00:00Z info:eu-repo/semantics/article 10 1 University of Iowa History Department Iowa Historical Review 10.17077/2373-1842.31856 https://doi.org/10.17077/2373-1842.31856 https://pubs.lib.uiowa.edu/iowa-historical-review/article/id/31856/ 2373-1842 http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ 1

oai:iowa-historical-review:id:31883 2024-02-21T15:00:00Z

The Woman King’s Erasure of The Kingdom of Dahomey’s Involvement in the Transatlantic Slave Trade The Woman King’s Erasure of The Kingdom of Dahomey’s Involvement in the Transatlantic Slave Trade Sansone, Emily Marie Ali, Ayshe Nur In Gina Prince-Bythewood's, The Woman King, the historical fact that the Kingdom of Dahomey participated in the Transatlantic slave trade is wrongly overlooked, which caused criticism and confusion for audiences watching. Throughout the film, Dahomey is wrongly misunderstood to be a liberator for enslaved individuals, but looking further into historical documentation illustrates Dahomey's involvement and benefit from these horrifying experiences. Although the creators engage the audience with a fully female army, they lack transparency surrounding slavery and Dahomey's involvement.  2024-02-21T15:00:00Z info:eu-repo/semantics/article 10 1 University of Iowa History Department Iowa Historical Review 10.17077/2373-1842.31883 https://doi.org/10.17077/2373-1842.31883 https://pubs.lib.uiowa.edu/iowa-historical-review/article/id/31883/ 2373-1842 http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/ 1

oai:iowa-historical-review:id:31882 2024-02-21T15:00:00Z

To Name, or Not to Name To Name, or Not to Name Le, Trevor 2024-02-21T15:00:00Z info:eu-repo/semantics/article 10 1 University of Iowa History Department Iowa Historical Review 10.17077/2373-1842.31882 https://doi.org/10.17077/2373-1842.31882 https://pubs.lib.uiowa.edu/iowa-historical-review/article/id/31882/ 2373-1842 http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/ 1

oai:iowa-historical-review:id:31819 2024-02-21T15:00:00Z

Visions for Merrie England: A Survey Examination of Royalist Views and Beliefs in the English Civil War Visions for Merrie England: A Survey Examination of Royalist Views and Beliefs in the English Civil War Ocon, Daniel The English Civil War was the outlet for years of frustration against the status-quo political regime, and allowed, in the chaos, the expression for a variety of beliefs and values. One of the many factions in the conflict were the Royalists, those for one reason or another, supported the rule of Charles I. Despite the vast amount of research in the English Civil War, little attention is given to the Royalist views and beliefs and the common image that arises is a group defined by nepotism, elitism, and corruption. This survey seeks to recover a more complete image of Royalist perspective in the era of conflict by examining a variety of primary published sources, such as books, pamphlets and poetry, from a variety of people with differing statuses and lives. This analysis of said primary sources yields the Royalists own views and conceptions of beliefs that complicate and challenge the typical assumptions about Royalism and its adherents. In doing so, it adds to a growing body of work examining all levels and sections of belief within England and provides a more nuanced image of the political situation at the time.  2024-02-21T15:00:00Z info:eu-repo/semantics/article 10 1 University of Iowa History Department Iowa Historical Review 10.17077/2373-1842.31819 https://doi.org/10.17077/2373-1842.31819 https://pubs.lib.uiowa.edu/iowa-historical-review/article/id/31819/ 2373-1842 http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/ 1

oai:iowa-historical-review:id:31859 2024-02-21T15:00:00Z

Women Against Women: An Endless Battle Women Against Women: An Endless Battle Caster, Emma C 2024-02-21T15:00:00Z info:eu-repo/semantics/article 10 1 University of Iowa History Department Iowa Historical Review 10.17077/2373-1842.31859 https://doi.org/10.17077/2373-1842.31859 https://pubs.lib.uiowa.edu/iowa-historical-review/article/id/31859/ 2373-1842 http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/ 1

oai:iowa-historical-review:id:31842 2022-12-08T23:24:35Z

Letter from the Editors Letter from the Editors Editors, The 2022-12-08T23:24:35Z info:eu-repo/semantics/article 9 1 University of Iowa History Department Iowa Historical Review 10.17077/2373-1842.31842 https://doi.org/10.17077/2373-1842.31842 https://pubs.lib.uiowa.edu/iowa-historical-review/article/id/31842/ 2373-1842 http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ 1

oai:iowa-historical-review:id:31401 2022-12-08T18:44:56Z

Holding Out For a Hero(ine): A Postfeminist Analysis of Superhero Stories from the 1980s Holding Out For a Hero(ine): A Postfeminist Analysis of Superhero Stories from the 1980s Johnson, Lauren Elizabeth This research thesis focuses on the 1980s and how postfeminism in media was established during this period. Postfeminism as an ideology believes that feminism "died," or at minimum completed and no longer functions as necessary, as women seem to have legal equality now. This thesis looks at postfeminism through the lens of superhero stories from the 1980s. Ultimately, the stories presented show how the overall rejection of the ideology of feminism in favor of postfeminism after the "success" of the second wave affected superhero comic culture in America. Additionally, this thesis looks at the inclusion of this ideology around women's rights in the 1980s in a part of pop culture traditionally produced for men. Superhero stories as a medium were more gender-biased toward men in the 1980s because men were the primary consumers of this type of media, so the inclusion of feminism (or the lack thereof) demonstrated how second-wave feminism and postfeminism impacted the presentation to several groups, including those that were not necessarily affected by these movements. 2022-12-08T18:44:56Z info:eu-repo/semantics/article 9 1 University of Iowa History Department Iowa Historical Review 10.17077/2373-1842.31401 https://doi.org/10.17077/2373-1842.31401 https://pubs.lib.uiowa.edu/iowa-historical-review/article/id/31401/ 2373-1842 http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/ 1

oai:iowa-historical-review:id:31400 2022-12-08T18:43:22Z

Legislating the Landscape: The Battle for a Federal Wilderness Bill for Montana, 1979-1988 Legislating the Landscape: The Battle for a Federal Wilderness Bill for Montana, 1979-1988 Christianson, Megan Federally owned lands in the western United States have long been a source of legal and political conflict. Clashes between development interests, environmentalists, legislators, and indigenous groups throughout the 1980s defined federal land policy in Montana as well. In 1988, after nearly a decade of effort, S.2751 – the Montana National Resources Protection and Utilization Act – was poised to designate over 7 million acres of federal land in Montana as wilderness, recreation areas, or for development,ending years of legal limbo. Despite broad support from both houses of Congress, President Reagan killed the bill with a pocket veto, and those lands remain undesignated today. This paper examines the political actors and processes behind S. 2751, and investigates the bill’s place in the changing political climate of 1980s American politics, particularly on issues of environment in the west. 2022-12-08T18:43:22Z info:eu-repo/semantics/article 9 1 University of Iowa History Department Iowa Historical Review 10.17077/2373-1842.31400 https://doi.org/10.17077/2373-1842.31400 https://pubs.lib.uiowa.edu/iowa-historical-review/article/id/31400/ 2373-1842 http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/ 1

oai:iowa-historical-review:id:31131 2022-12-08T18:19:04Z

The Grundgesetz The Grundgesetz Belvo, Molly 2022-12-08T18:19:04Z info:eu-repo/semantics/article 9 1 University of Iowa History Department Iowa Historical Review 10.17077/2373-1842.31131 https://doi.org/10.17077/2373-1842.31131 https://pubs.lib.uiowa.edu/iowa-historical-review/article/id/31131/ 2373-1842 http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ 1

oai:iowa-historical-review:id:1629 2020-12-18T05:00:00Z

Front Matter Vol. 8 Issue 1 Front Matter Vol. 8 Issue 1 2020-12-18T05:00:00Z info:eu-repo/semantics/article 8 1 University of Iowa History Department Iowa Historical Review 10.17077/2373-1842.1074 https://doi.org/10.17077/2373-1842.1074 https://pubs.lib.uiowa.edu/iowa-historical-review/article/id/1629/ 2373-1842 http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/ 1-6

oai:iowa-historical-review:id:1631 2020-12-18T05:00:00Z

Opposing Tyranny: White Resistance against the Rhodesian Front (1965-1977) Opposing Tyranny: White Resistance against the Rhodesian Front (1965-1977) Gansemer, Rebekah J In November 1965, the government of Southern Rhodesia unilaterally declared itself independent from Britain. It was an extreme response to the British directive that there would be “no independence before majority rule.” The ruling political party during this time, the Rhodesian Front, feared the consequences of relinquishing power. Born out of imperialist beliefs and anti-communist sentiment, this ultra-conservative political party sought to maintain minority rule and asserted that Rhodesia would “never in a thousand years” be ruled by the Black majority. While many Whites supported minority rule, my paper will focus on the efforts of select groups within the White African community to subvert the Rhodesian Front led government and initiate majority rule within what would become the state of Zimbabwe. I am looking specifically at two groups of people who have different philosophies, yet share the same goal of majority rule. This paper will discuss notable members from each group including Judith Todd, an equal rights activist and daughter of a former Prime Minister of Southern Rhodesia, and Bishop Donal Lamont, an Irish missionary who defied an emergency governmental order and assisted the Black resistance. 2020-12-18T05:00:00Z info:eu-repo/semantics/article 8 1 University of Iowa History Department Iowa Historical Review 10.17077/2373-1842.1054 https://doi.org/10.17077/2373-1842.1054 https://pubs.lib.uiowa.edu/iowa-historical-review/article/id/1631/ 2373-1842 http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/ 7-31

oai:iowa-historical-review:id:1630 2020-12-18T05:00:00Z

Patriarchy and Gender Law in Ancient Rome and Colonial America Patriarchy and Gender Law in Ancient Rome and Colonial America Kamp, John B Roman Antiquity and Colonial America shared much in common regarding limits on women’s legal rights and the role of gender in law. Gendered stereotypes regarding women’s ability and place in society are reflected in the patria potestas and manus of Ancient Roman law, as well as through the patriarchal and pious Puritan laws of New England society during the American Colonial period. Both male-dominated social and legal systems were based on the notion of women’s innate inferiority and female submission to male authority. Gender expectations and biases are also present, not only in family law, but also in law governing sexual behavior and partnerships. While Roman law punishes sodomy and male same-sex relationships on the grounds of contradicting the concept of the pater familias, Puritan New England relied on Christian morals and religious teachings to govern their sodomy laws. However, such gender disparities in the law are also subject to social status and race, leading men who did not reflect the respective society’s preferable identity to face harsher punishments as a result. Regarding the concept of gender and male superiority, family law and the societal expectations that both shaped and were shaped by such laws reflect an ever-present patriarchal structure throughout the Early American and Ancient Roman legal systems. The gendered attitudes toward marriage, rape, sex, and consent in both Roman and Early American society are reflected in the laws that governed the lives of women and gender non-conforming minorities in both societies. 2020-12-18T05:00:00Z info:eu-repo/semantics/article 8 1 University of Iowa History Department Iowa Historical Review 10.17077/2373-1842.1072 https://doi.org/10.17077/2373-1842.1072 https://pubs.lib.uiowa.edu/iowa-historical-review/article/id/1630/ 2373-1842 http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/ 43-57

oai:iowa-historical-review:id:1632 2020-12-18T05:00:00Z

Power and Identity of the Individual in Contexts of Violence and Trauma Power and Identity of the Individual in Contexts of Violence and Trauma Johnson, Elizabeth B D 2020-12-18T05:00:00Z info:eu-repo/semantics/article 8 1 University of Iowa History Department Iowa Historical Review 10.17077/2373-1842.1071 https://doi.org/10.17077/2373-1842.1071 https://pubs.lib.uiowa.edu/iowa-historical-review/article/id/1632/ 2373-1842 http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ 33-42

oai:iowa-historical-review:id:1619 2017-05-11T04:00:00Z

Establishing an Institution: The Public Library Movement in Iowa 1900 - 1920 Establishing an Institution: The Public Library Movement in Iowa 1900 - 1920 Weaver, Abigail As the world becomes increasingly digitally-oriented it is important for public libraries to reexamine their history as they formulate strategies to secure their place as an irreplaceable community institution. The situation today is similar to the beginnings of the public library movement when libraries had to create their place in society and market that idea so that citizens and towns would support that effort. The ‘golden age’ of Iowa’s public library movement was from 1900-1920. During that period the work of Iowa’s Federation of Women’s Clubs, the Iowa Library Association, the Iowa Library Commission, and Andrew Carnegie’s library grants made it possible for Iowa towns to establish permanent free public libraries. Iowa was awarded 99 Carnegie library grants totaling $1,495,706 for 101 buildings. A case study of thirteen different Iowa towns, who applied for and received Carnegie library grants, helped to identify the common challenges that communities faced such as the location of the library, population size, tax requirements, and the final grant amount. It also highlighted the importance of community involvement and the support of political figures to overcome the challenges that towns faced. It was only through the requirements of the Carnegie library grants, and the community-driven nature of the grants, that permanent free public libraries were established throughout Iowa cementing the place of the free public library as a community institution. 2017-05-11T04:00:00Z info:eu-repo/semantics/article 7 1 University of Iowa History Department Iowa Historical Review 10.17077/2373-1842.1034 https://doi.org/10.17077/2373-1842.1034 https://pubs.lib.uiowa.edu/iowa-historical-review/article/id/1619/ 2373-1842 http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/ 7-36

oai:iowa-historical-review:id:1617 2017-05-11T04:00:00Z

Front matter, The Iowa Historical Review v.7 spring 2017 Front matter, The Iowa Historical Review v.7 spring 2017 2017-05-11T04:00:00Z info:eu-repo/semantics/article 7 1 University of Iowa History Department Iowa Historical Review 10.17077/2373-1842.1048 https://doi.org/10.17077/2373-1842.1048 https://pubs.lib.uiowa.edu/iowa-historical-review/article/id/1617/ 2373-1842 http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/ 1-6

oai:iowa-historical-review:id:1620 2017-05-11T04:00:00Z

There's No Business Like Oil Business: The Allure of Tax Sheltered Oil Income to Hollywood's Wealthy There's No Business Like Oil Business: The Allure of Tax Sheltered Oil Income to Hollywood's Wealthy Tan, Yuxun Willy Hollywood’s greatest stars did not only produce blockbusters, but were savvy businessmen who also produced oil gushers. These stars invested in oil interests in order to shelter a large part of their income from the rapidly rising income tax rates of the 1930s. The unique tax benefit they used was the percentage oil depletion allowance, part of the Revenue Act of 1926, which allowed an oil company to reduce its taxable income by 27 ½ percent. By the 1950s, many Hollywood individuals and corporations extensively invested in the oil business which made the allowance an important component of their financial portfolios. Meanwhile, rich oilmen were also attracted to Hollywood to capitalize on a big hit, or use the losses on a money losing movie to offset their taxable profits from oil. Thus, in the mid-twentieth century, the American oil industry and Hollywood formed a close, mutually reinforcing relationship, and one that academic historians have largely overlooked. After the 1973 oil shock, the percentage depletion allowance came under threat as it was repealed for major integrated oil companies. To protect the allowance for the non-integrated independent producers, Hollywood found their political patron in the famous Hollywood actor and Republican president, Ronald Reagan. As president, Reagan ardently defended the retention of the allowance during his term in the 1980s. Hollywood’s role in the oil industry developed from being a few casual investors using the oil depletion allowance into a substantial oil industry participant and a major political defender of oil-specific tax provisions. 2017-05-11T04:00:00Z info:eu-repo/semantics/article 7 1 University of Iowa History Department Iowa Historical Review 10.17077/2373-1842.1036 https://doi.org/10.17077/2373-1842.1036 https://pubs.lib.uiowa.edu/iowa-historical-review/article/id/1620/ 2373-1842 http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ 37-54

oai:iowa-historical-review:id:1618 2017-05-11T04:00:00Z

The Social Impact of the Misconceptions Surrounding Tuberculosis The Social Impact of the Misconceptions Surrounding Tuberculosis Lauer, Sarah A This paper addresses many of the misconceptions surrounding tuberculosis in three different time periods: ancient times, the Middle Ages, and the 19th-20th centuries, and explains the social ramifications caused by the lack of understanding. 2017-05-11T04:00:00Z info:eu-repo/semantics/article 7 1 University of Iowa History Department Iowa Historical Review 10.17077/2373-1842.1039 https://doi.org/10.17077/2373-1842.1039 https://pubs.lib.uiowa.edu/iowa-historical-review/article/id/1618/ 2373-1842 http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/ 55-78

oai:iowa-historical-review:id:1646 2016-05-01T04:00:00Z

Front matter, The Iowa Historical Review v.6 spring 2016 Front matter, The Iowa Historical Review v.6 spring 2016 2016-05-01T04:00:00Z info:eu-repo/semantics/article 6 1 University of Iowa History Department Iowa Historical Review 10.17077/2373-1842.1037 https://doi.org/10.17077/2373-1842.1037 https://pubs.lib.uiowa.edu/iowa-historical-review/article/id/1646/ 2373-1842 http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/ 1-7

oai:iowa-historical-review:id:1647 2016-05-01T04:00:00Z

"Powerless, With a Guitar": Music and Student Protest at the University of Iowa: 1965-1971 "Powerless, With a Guitar": Music and Student Protest at the University of Iowa: 1965-1971 Finch, Taylor The years 1965 – 1971 were tumultuous ones at the University of Iowa. Student protests against the Vietnam War, racial and sexist discrimination, University complicity in the war effort, and police brutality wracked campus. Simultaneously, an avant-garde community of artists, writers, and musicians created a sub-society of free expression and creative opposition to mainstream values and practices. The music of the era - written, produced, performed, and recorded by both local and national artists - was pivotal in creating and circulating the rhetoric of Iowa student protest to its supporters. In order to find where music and student protest converged, I conducted several oral interviews with musicians and artists who were active in the protest movement at that time. I studied the events of student protest at the University of Iowa Special Collections, and traced medias such as pamphlets, newspapers, and documentaries to capture how the events unfolded. I also delved into underground papers Middle Earth and the Iowa City Oppressed Citizen, which published student voice in support of the protests. Several of their publications reference music and lyrics in direct line with their ideology. My research found that student protest at the University of Iowa largely reflected the practices and trends of student protests across the country. In this way, my research is a case study of music and student ideology from 1965 – 1971 in a specific community and university setting. Students at Iowa created a grassroots movement of protest and support that was fueled by folk music and collective identity. However, as national events unfolded, the student movement at the University of Iowa split into different camps: one committed to civil disobedience, and the other committed to confrontations with University and local authority. As the protest movement shifted, the music that was written and consumed in Iowa City shifted as well. The militant, experimental genres of Blues and Psychedelic shaped student voice into the early 1970’s. When the two camps of student protest at Iowa ultimately destroyed one another, the musicians and artists that fueled the movement “dropped out” of society. Nonetheless, the spirit of student ideology still exists in their music which can still be heard today. 2016-05-01T04:00:00Z info:eu-repo/semantics/article 6 1 University of Iowa History Department Iowa Historical Review 10.17077/2373-1842.1033 https://doi.org/10.17077/2373-1842.1033 https://pubs.lib.uiowa.edu/iowa-historical-review/article/id/1647/ 2373-1842 http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/ 7-64

oai:iowa-historical-review:id:1623 2015-05-08T04:00:00Z

Aborigines' Dreaming or Britain's Terra Nullius: Perceptions of Land Use in Colonial Australia Aborigines' Dreaming or Britain's Terra Nullius: Perceptions of Land Use in Colonial Australia Pettit, Emily J Australia’s landscape has been significantly changed by the actions of the Aborigines and European settlers. To the Aborigines, the land was not only a physical provider of resources but also the foundation for their spiritual beliefs. The Dreaming, a dynamic belief system that describes the Aborigines’ creation story, rituals, and social codes, instilled a cultural dedication to maintaining the environment for future generations. Rock art provides a glimpse into Aborigine perceptions of the landscape and how those changed across space and time. Arid-climate ecosystems like those present across Australia are sensitive to disturbance; the Aborigines adapted to ecological limits by maintaining a semi-nomadic lifestyle centered on family groups and using a variety of techniques, from foraging and hunting to fire, to gather and maintain a variety of resources. Group stewardship of the environment produced a balance between extraction and conservation that allowed both Aborigines and ecosystems to survive. Beginning in 1788, British colonization by convicts and free settlers resulted in the disenfranchisement of the Aborigines and extensive environmental degradation. Revealed through explorer records and missionary accounts, settlers did not understand the Aborigine lifestyle or their system of territorial control, and thus interpreted Australia as a “terra nullius” or empty continent ready for commercial exploitation. Using a variety of methods, such as treaties, charters, militia operations, and an emphasis on legally documented private ownership, the British barred the Aborigines from reclaiming their territory. Commercial export agriculture, including monocrop farms and extensive ranches, became a hallmark of the colonial Australian economy. Intensive agricultural production used irrigation to boost harvests, but at the expense of ecological vitality. The focus on agricultural production in an arid country resulted in severe erosion, deforestation, soil salinization, and water pollution beginning in earnest in the 1840s. Settler photos reveal an awareness of the impact of early changes to the landscape, but the colonial focus on economic production meant environmental mitigation was not pursued until the accelerating effects of widespread ecological destruction became apparent. Australia in the twenty-first century is struggling to formulate a comprehensive response to deal with ongoing environmental degradation. It is possible to adapt some of the Aborigines’ resource management techniques to fit within contemporary systems, though the increasing pressures of climate change require that people be flexible and willing to sacrifice in order for conservation and restoration efforts to succeed. 2015-05-08T04:00:00Z info:eu-repo/semantics/article 5 1 University of Iowa History Department Iowa Historical Review 10.17077/2373-1842.1030 https://doi.org/10.17077/2373-1842.1030 https://pubs.lib.uiowa.edu/iowa-historical-review/article/id/1623/ 2373-1842 http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/ 23-60

oai:iowa-historical-review:id:1622 2015-05-08T04:00:00Z

Examining Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder and the Plight of Vietnam Veterans Examining Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder and the Plight of Vietnam Veterans Stein, Joe L 2015-05-08T04:00:00Z info:eu-repo/semantics/article 5 1 University of Iowa History Department Iowa Historical Review 10.17077/2373-1842.1028 https://doi.org/10.17077/2373-1842.1028 https://pubs.lib.uiowa.edu/iowa-historical-review/article/id/1622/ 2373-1842 http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/ 7-22

oai:iowa-historical-review:id:1621 2015-05-08T04:00:00Z

Front matter, The Iowa Historical Review v.5 spring 2015 Front matter, The Iowa Historical Review v.5 spring 2015 2015-05-08T04:00:00Z info:eu-repo/semantics/article 5 1 University of Iowa History Department Iowa Historical Review 10.17077/2373-1842.1032 https://doi.org/10.17077/2373-1842.1032 https://pubs.lib.uiowa.edu/iowa-historical-review/article/id/1621/ 2373-1842 http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/ 1-6

oai:iowa-historical-review:id:1610 2014-05-08T04:00:00Z

Front matter, The Iowa Historical Review v.4 iss.2, spring 2014 Front matter, The Iowa Historical Review v.4 iss.2, spring 2014 2014-05-08T04:00:00Z info:eu-repo/semantics/article 4 2 University of Iowa History Department Iowa Historical Review 10.17077/2373-1842.1024 https://doi.org/10.17077/2373-1842.1024 https://pubs.lib.uiowa.edu/iowa-historical-review/article/id/1610/ 2373-1842 http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/ 1-4

oai:iowa-historical-review:id:1613 2014-05-08T04:00:00Z

Picket Lines, Picket Fences: How Feminism Saved Iowa’s Family Farms During the Farm Crisis of the 1980s Picket Lines, Picket Fences: How Feminism Saved Iowa’s Family Farms During the Farm Crisis of the 1980s Dofner, Kenneth 2014-05-08T04:00:00Z info:eu-repo/semantics/article 4 2 University of Iowa History Department Iowa Historical Review 10.17077/2373-1842.1026 https://doi.org/10.17077/2373-1842.1026 https://pubs.lib.uiowa.edu/iowa-historical-review/article/id/1613/ 2373-1842 http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/ 42-53

oai:iowa-historical-review:id:1611 2014-05-08T04:00:00Z

The Aleppo Boil and the Jewish Doctors: An Analysis of Leishmaniasis Research in Mandate Palestine The Aleppo Boil and the Jewish Doctors: An Analysis of Leishmaniasis Research in Mandate Palestine Sillman, Lauren 2014-05-08T04:00:00Z info:eu-repo/semantics/article 4 2 University of Iowa History Department Iowa Historical Review 10.17077/2373-1842.1027 https://doi.org/10.17077/2373-1842.1027 https://pubs.lib.uiowa.edu/iowa-historical-review/article/id/1611/ 2373-1842 http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/ 54-67

oai:iowa-historical-review:id:1612 2014-05-08T04:00:00Z

The Donut Dolly: A “Girl-Next-Door’s” Experience in Vietnam The Donut Dolly: A “Girl-Next-Door’s” Experience in Vietnam Cassier, Ellysa 2014-05-08T04:00:00Z info:eu-repo/semantics/article 4 2 University of Iowa History Department Iowa Historical Review 10.17077/2373-1842.1025 https://doi.org/10.17077/2373-1842.1025 https://pubs.lib.uiowa.edu/iowa-historical-review/article/id/1612/ 2373-1842 http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/ 5-41

oai:iowa-historical-review:id:1614 2013-12-18T06:00:00Z

Front Matter, the Iowa Historical Review, v.4 iss. 1, fall 2013 Front Matter, the Iowa Historical Review, v.4 iss. 1, fall 2013 2013-12-18T06:00:00Z info:eu-repo/semantics/article 4 1 University of Iowa History Department Iowa Historical Review 10.17077/2373-1842.1021 https://doi.org/10.17077/2373-1842.1021 https://pubs.lib.uiowa.edu/iowa-historical-review/article/id/1614/ 2373-1842 http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/ 1-4

oai:iowa-historical-review:id:1616 2013-12-18T06:00:00Z

Torture: Henri Alleg and the Algerian War Torture: Henri Alleg and the Algerian War Erickson, Jeff 2013-12-18T06:00:00Z info:eu-repo/semantics/article 4 1 University of Iowa History Department Iowa Historical Review 10.17077/2373-1842.1023 https://doi.org/10.17077/2373-1842.1023 https://pubs.lib.uiowa.edu/iowa-historical-review/article/id/1616/ 2373-1842 http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/ 25-41

oai:iowa-historical-review:id:1615 2013-12-18T06:00:00Z

"We Must Shout the Truth to the Rooftops:” Gisèle Halimi, Djamila Boupacha, and Sexual Politics in the Algerian War of Independence "We Must Shout the Truth to the Rooftops:” Gisèle Halimi, Djamila Boupacha, and Sexual Politics in the Algerian War of Independence Kunkle, Ryan 2013-12-18T06:00:00Z info:eu-repo/semantics/article 4 1 University of Iowa History Department Iowa Historical Review 10.17077/2373-1842.1022 https://doi.org/10.17077/2373-1842.1022 https://pubs.lib.uiowa.edu/iowa-historical-review/article/id/1615/ 2373-1842 http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/ 5-24 metadataPrefix%3Doai_dc%26page%3D2